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Peptide body lotion formulation: a lab-ready workflow

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Gloved hand stirring peptide lotion in lab beaker

A well-executed peptide body lotion formulation workflow follows five non-negotiable stages: pre-formulation and peptide selection, bench prototype with phase-matched emulsification, cool-down peptide addition below 40–45 °C, with many formulators targeting ≤35 °C, analytical and stability testing, and pilot-scale validation with full batch records. Get any one of those stages wrong and you will not know until your HPLC assay shows a substantial drop in active content, by which point you have already committed packaging and stability time.

The four constraints that govern every decision in this process:

  • Accurate ppm dosing: many sequence-defined cosmetic peptides are effective at low concentrations, often 2–10 ppm, so weighing errors at bench scale translate directly into failed assays at pilot scale; peptide concentration guidelines are worth bookmarking before you touch a balance.
  • Phase and temperature windows: peptides are heat-labile; exceeding the cool-down addition threshold degrades sequence integrity faster than almost any other single variable.
  • Compatible thickeners and excipients: certain polymers trap peptides through electrostatic or hydrogen-bonding interactions, reducing release and skewing your assay.
  • Protection from oxidation, light, and microbial challenge: packaging and preservative choices are not afterthoughts; they are part of the formulation.

The single most important step that prevents peptide loss is process discipline: add peptides only after the batch has cooled to the validated temperature window, apply minimal post-addition shear, and confirm integrity with a validated HPLC or LC-MS assay before any stability clock starts.

Pro Tip: Set a hard process alarm at 38 °C during cool-down rather than relying on a visual check. A two-degree buffer between your alarm and your addition limit costs nothing and protects weeks of R&D.

Key takeaways

A successful peptide body lotion formulation workflow depends on process discipline at cool-down, a validated HPLC assay from T0, and a Canadian supplier who provides lot-traceable COAs to support your Product Information File.

Point Details
Temperature is the critical control Add peptides at ≤35–40 °C with gentle mixing only; document the actual addition temperature on every batch record.
Assay from T0 is non-negotiable Pull an HPLC sample immediately after peptide addition; a T0 baseline is required to calculate assay drift across stability timepoints.
Thickener choice affects active delivery Xanthan gum and Carbomers can trap peptides; validate release kinetics or switch to a non-charged associative thickener.
Canadian regulatory obligations Notify Health Canada within 10 days of first sale, maintain a PIF with stability data and COAs, and label in INCI with bilingual English/French text.
Peptilab for Canadian sourcing Peptilab provides batch-specific third-party COAs, domestic fulfilment, and small-batch orders suited to bench and pilot development in Canada.

Table of Contents

At-a-glance formulation checklist for peptide body lotions

Use this list as a bench-prep reference and a pre-batch record sign-off. It is not a substitute for the full workflow below, but it catches the errors that derail the most prototypes.

  1. Confirm the COA before anything else. Verify peptide purity (>99% preferred), residual solvents, and the absence of truncated sequences or residual acetic acid. Peptide synthesis quality failures are frequently tied to these impurities, and they will destabilise your emulsion or suppress your assay without any obvious visual cue.
  2. Determine solubility and carrier solvent. Test solubility in propanediol, glycerin, or water before committing to a formula. Account for the added volume in your water-phase balance and update the INCI accordingly.
  3. Set target ppm and calculate from the supplier blend concentration. If your supplier provides a 10% blend, your addition level is not the same as your active level. Confirm the math before weighing.
  4. Check microbial status of the peptide raw material. Cosmetic-grade peptides should carry a total aerobic microbial count (TAMC) and total yeast and mould count (TYMC) on the COA. A contaminated raw material will defeat your preservative system.
  5. Confirm temperature limit for peptide addition. Set the process limit at ≤40 °C; target ≤35 °C for heat-sensitive sequences. Document the actual addition temperature in the batch record, not just the target.
  6. Define order of addition. Peptides go in last, after emulsification is complete and the batch has cooled. Fragrance and other heat-sensitive actives follow the same rule; add them in the correct sequence to avoid cross-contamination of your assay sample.
  7. Prepare HPLC sample vials and reference standard before the batch. A T0 sample pulled immediately after peptide addition is your baseline. If you do not pull it at the right moment, you lose the ability to calculate assay drift across stability timepoints.
  8. Have calibrated equipment ready: analytical balance (±0.1 mg resolution for small-scale), calibrated pH metre with fresh buffer solutions, viscometer or rheometer, and amber sample containers for light-sensitive peptides.
  9. Check polymer compatibility. If your formula uses xanthan gum or a Carbomer, plan a release-kinetics check or switch to a non-charged associative thickener. Polymer-peptide trapping is a real failure mode that does not show up in a visual stability check.
  10. Confirm preservative and chelator compatibility. EDTA is a standard chelator in lotions, but copper peptides require a copper-compatible preservation strategy. Map interactions before the bench run.

Pro Tip: Run a quick HPLC spot test on your peptide stock solution before it goes into the batch. A five-minute check against your reference standard will tell you whether the raw material assay matches the COA — and saves you from building a full prototype on a degraded input.

Pro Tip: Use a conservative temperature margin of 5 °C below your stated limit. If your SOP says 40 °C, add at 35 °C. The cost is a few extra minutes of cooling time; the benefit is a consistent assay across every batch.

Step-by-step lab workflow from pre-formulation to pilot batch

Step 1: Peptide selection and pre-formulation

Start by categorising your peptide by function and physicochemical profile. Signal peptides (e.g., palmitoyl tripeptides) stimulate collagen synthesis; carrier peptides (e.g., copper tripeptide-1) deliver trace elements; neurotransmitter-inhibiting peptides (e.g., acetyl hexapeptide-3) target expression lines. Each class maps to a different vehicle, dosing window, and stability profile. They are not interchangeable, and treating them as such is the fastest way to build a formula that passes visual inspection but fails an efficacy claim. A peptide classification guide will help you map function to formulation strategy before you weigh anything.

Review the supplier COA for purity, synthesis route, residual solvents, and sequence confirmation. Production routes — solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS), or recombinant biosynthesis — carry different impurity profiles and scalability trade-offs. Newer methods such as wash-free SPPS and LPPS with PEG-tags reduce solvent waste and may affect your downstream purification requirements. Ask for the manufacturing route on vendor documentation; it matters for cost modelling and regulatory files.

Confirm solubility in your intended carrier solvent. Most cosmetic peptides dissolve readily in propanediol, glycerin, or water.

Step 2: Phase preparation and emulsification

Define your water phase (humectants, water-soluble polymers, chelator, preservative water-soluble fraction) and oil phase (emollients, emulsifiers, oil-soluble actives). Heat both phases separately to 70–75 °C. Match temperatures within ±2 °C before combining to prevent phase inversion.

Emulsifier selection determines droplet size and long-term stability. For a body lotion targeting a light, non-greasy skin feel, an HLB-balanced blend of a non-ionic emulsifier pair (e.g., cetearyl alcohol/cetearyl glucoside or PEG-100 stearate/glyceryl stearate) typically yields droplets in the 1–5 µm range, which is adequate for a stable O/W emulsion. Homogenise at moderate shear (rotor-stator or high-shear mixer) during the combination step, then reduce to paddle or anchor mixing for the cool-down phase.

Thickener choice matters more than most formulators expect. Xanthan gum can form polymer networks that trap peptides through hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions, slowing or preventing release. Carbomers (polyacrylic acid) carry a negative charge at working pH (5.5–6.5) and can interact electrostatically with cationic or zwitterionic peptides. If your formula requires higher viscosity, prefer non-charged associative thickeners (e.g., hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer) or validate your thickener choice with a release-kinetics test before committing to a stability run.

Step 3: Cool-down and peptide addition

This is the step where most peptide losses occur. Formulation guidance consistently advises adding peptides during cool-down, below 40–45 °C, with many formulators targeting ≤35 °C, and minimising high-shear mixing after addition.

Pre-dissolve the peptide in the minimum volume of carrier solvent (propanediol or glycerin preferred for most sequences; water if the peptide is highly hydrophilic). Add the pre-dissolved peptide to the batch under gentle paddle or anchor mixing. Do not return to high-shear homogenisation after this point. Adjust pH if needed using dilute citric acid or sodium hydroxide, targeting pH 5.0–6.5 for most peptide sequences. Pull your T0 HPLC sample immediately after mixing is complete and the batch is homogeneous.

Step 4: In-process QC sampling

Pull samples at four points: after emulsification (pre-peptide addition), immediately after peptide addition (T0), after pH adjustment, and after any final processing step (fragrance addition, final viscosity adjustment). Check:

  • pH (target range confirmed in pre-formulation)
  • Viscosity (Brookfield or rheometer; record spindle, speed, temperature)
  • Appearance (colour, homogeneity, absence of phase separation)
  • HPLC sample (T0 assay against reference standard)
  • Centrifuge stability (3,000 rpm, 30 minutes; no separation)

Document every reading in the batch record alongside the peptide lot number and COA reference.

Step 5: Pilot batch scale-up

Moving from a 500 g bench batch to a 50 kg pilot introduces real failure modes: longer transfer times mean the batch may cool unevenly; different mixer geometries change shear profiles; hold tanks can create temperature gradients. Plan at least one production-scale validation batch to detect these differences before committing to a commercial run.

Phase Temperature set point Key action
Water phase prep 70–75 °C Add chelator, humectants, water-soluble preservative fraction
Oil phase prep 70–75 °C Melt waxes, dissolve emulsifiers
Emulsification 70–75 °C (matched) Combine phases, homogenise
Cool-down 40 °C alarm / ≤35 °C addition Reduce to paddle mixing
Peptide addition ≤35–40 °C Add pre-dissolved peptide, gentle mixing only
Final QC Ambient pH, viscosity, T0 HPLC sample

Peptide body lotion batch process flowchart with temperatures

Key formulation challenges and how to address them

Stability threats

Heat is the primary degradation vector, but it is not the only one. Peptides are also vulnerable to:

  • Enzymatic degradation (proteolysis): cosmetic-grade raw materials and water sources can carry trace protease activity. Use purified water (USP or equivalent) and confirm your preservative system is active against microbial protease producers.
  • Oxidation: methionine- and cysteine-containing sequences are particularly susceptible. Add a chelator (disodium EDTA, 0.1–0.2%) to sequester metal ions that catalyse oxidation, and consider a low-level antioxidant (sodium metabisulfite at 0.05–0.1%, or tocopherol in the oil phase) for oxidation-prone sequences.
  • pH excursions: most cosmetic peptides are stable between pH 4.5 and 7.0. Outside that range, hydrolysis accelerates. Buffer your formula with citric acid/sodium citrate if your system is prone to pH drift during stability.
  • Light exposure: aromatic amino acid residues (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine) absorb UV and degrade under light. Amber or opaque packaging is not optional for these sequences.

Skin access limitations

Many peptides exceed 500 Daltons and are too large and polar to passively penetrate the stratum corneum. This is a practical constraint, not a theoretical one. For a body lotion making surface-level claims (moisturisation, skin feel, barrier support), passive deposition may be sufficient. For claims requiring dermal access (collagen stimulation, expression-line reduction), you need a delivery strategy: lipidation (palmitoyl conjugation), liposomal encapsulation, or a penetration enhancer such as propylene glycol or oleic acid. Liposomal encapsulation and lipidation frequently improve claim durability and penetration, but they add cost and can change the sensorial profile of a body lotion significantly. Reserve encapsulation for premium positioning or when your stability and efficacy testing shows a clear benefit.

Compatibility with thickeners and polymers

As noted in the workflow section, xanthan gum and Carbomers can trap peptides. The practical fix is to test your thickener choice against peptide release kinetics before locking the formula. A simple dialysis membrane experiment at bench scale, comparing peptide release from a thickened versus unthickened matrix, will tell you whether your rheology choice is costing you active delivery. If it is, switch to a non-charged associative thickener and re-run the test.

Dialysis membrane test for peptide release

Pro Tip: *If you cannot switch thickeners for sensorial or cost reasons, reduce the polymer concentration to the minimum that meets your viscosity specification and validate that the reduction does not affect stability.

Preservative and chelator interactions

EDTA is a near-universal chelator in lotions, but it will compete with copper peptide-1 for the copper ion that defines its biological activity. For copper peptide formulas, replace EDTA with a non-chelating preservative booster (e.g., ethylhexylglycerin) and use a copper-compatible antioxidant system.

Pro Tip: Always check residual acetic acid on the COA. Many peptides are supplied as acetate salts, and excess acetic acid can drop your formula pH below the preservative system’s effective range, creating a microbial risk that does not show up until your PET fails.

Analytical and stability testing for peptide-containing lotions

A stability programme for a peptide body lotion needs to answer two questions: is the peptide still there, and is the product still acceptable? Those are separate questions requiring separate test methods.

Minimum stability protocol

Run accelerated and real-time conditions in parallel. Minimum timepoints: T0, T2 weeks, T4 weeks, T8 weeks under accelerated conditions. Real-time should run to at least T6 months before claim lock, with T12 months for a 24-month shelf-life claim.

A lab-ready stability workflow will help you structure the sampling plan and acceptance criteria before the clock starts.

Assay methods

HPLC (reverse-phase C18 column, UV detection at 214 nm or 220 nm) is the standard quantitation method for most cosmetic peptides. Your method must be validated for specificity, linearity, and repeatability against a reference standard of known purity. LC-MS adds sequence confirmation, which is particularly valuable when you need to distinguish intact peptide from degradation fragments that may co-elute on HPLC. For a body lotion making anti-ageing claims, LC-MS confirmation at T0 and at the end of the accelerated stability run is worth the cost.

Microbial testing follows ISO 17516 limits for cosmetics (TAMC ≤100 CFU/g for eye-area products; ≤1,000 CFU/g for other products). Preservative efficacy testing (PET) per ISO 11930 should be conducted on the final formula at T0 and repeated if the preservative system or packaging changes.

Stability monitoring table

Interpreting assay drift

The first corrective actions to test, in order: lower the addition temperature by 5 °C, switch to a non-charged thickener, add or increase the antioxidant, and switch to airless packaging. A peptide irritation and safety assessment should also be revisited if you change the delivery system, since encapsulation can alter skin exposure profiles.

Scale-up, packaging, and Canadian regulatory and sourcing notes

Scale-up checklist

Moving to pilot and then production scale requires validating that your bench process controls survive the geometry change:

  • Mixer geometry: a bench overhead stirrer and a production-scale anchor mixer do not produce the same shear profile. Map the impeller tip speed at your bench setting and match it at production scale, not the RPM.
  • Transfer times and hold temperatures: a 200 L batch takes longer to transfer than a 500 g bench batch. If the batch cools below your peptide addition window during transfer, you have a process deviation. Insulate hold tanks and validate transfer time against temperature drop.
  • Headspace and oxidation: larger vessels have more headspace. For oxidation-prone peptides, blanket the vessel with nitrogen before and during peptide addition.
  • Batch records: capture the peptide lot number, COA reference, actual addition temperature, actual pH at addition, and T0 HPLC result on every batch record. These are your traceability documents for the Product Information File (PIF).

A small-batch testing guide is a practical reference for structuring pilot-run acceptance criteria before you commit to a full production batch.

Packaging recommendations

Airless pump dispensers are the preferred primary packaging for peptide body lotions. They eliminate headspace oxygen contact on every use, reduce microbial ingress, and extend the effective shelf life of oxidation-prone sequences. Opaque or amber containers are required for any formula containing aromatic amino acid residues or light-sensitive actives. For premium positioning with encapsulated peptides, consider a nitrogen-flushed fill to further reduce oxidative degradation during storage.

Canadian regulatory framework

In Canada, peptide-containing body lotions are regulated as cosmetics under the Food and Drugs Act and the Cosmetic Regulations administered by Health Canada. Key obligations:

  • Cosmetic notification: cosmetics must be notified to Health Canada within 10 days of first sale in Canada, using the Cosmetic Notification Form (CNF). The notification must include the complete ingredient list in INCI nomenclature.
  • Product Information File (PIF): while not mandated by name in Canadian regulations (unlike the EU), Health Canada expects manufacturers to maintain documentation supporting safety, including a safety assessment, stability data, and ingredient specifications. This is your PIF equivalent.
  • Labelling: the label must include the product name, net quantity, manufacturer/importer name and address, directions for use, and a complete ingredient list in descending order of concentration (INCI names, bilingual English/French).
  • Ingredient restrictions: Health Canada’s Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist lists prohibited and restricted ingredients. Peptides themselves are not restricted, but carrier solvents, preservatives, and penetration enhancers may be. Check the Hotlist before finalising your formula.
  • Safety assessment: Health Canada expects a safety assessment demonstrating the product is safe for its intended use. For a peptide body lotion, this includes toxicological data on each ingredient and, where relevant, a dermal sensitisation assessment.

Sourcing in Canada

Domestic sourcing reduces import delays, eliminates the risk of customs holds on peptide raw materials, and simplifies the documentation chain for your PIF. When evaluating any supplier, request:

  1. Third-party COA with purity, HPLC trace, residual solvents, and microbial counts
  2. INCI name and CAS number confirmation
  3. Manufacturing route (SPPS, LPPS, recombinant) for cost modelling
  4. Stability data for the raw material under your intended storage conditions
  5. Safety data sheet (SDS) and any available toxicological data

Peptilab supplies research-grade and cosmetic-grade peptides with batch-specific, third-party COAs, domestic Canadian fulfilment, and documentation suited to regulatory files. For formulators building a PIF, having a domestic supplier who can provide lot-traceable COAs on demand is a material advantage over importing from offshore sources with variable documentation standards.

How Peptilab supports peptide-lotion development

For formulators, that documentation is not a marketing claim; it is the raw material for your PIF and your stability programme.

Practical resources available through Peptilab:

  • Research-grade and cosmetic peptides with lot-traceable COAs, available in small-batch quantities suited to bench and pilot work
  • Cosmetic peptide efficacy testing guidance to help you design claim-substantiation studies alongside your stability programme
  • Lab supplies including syringes, bacteriostatic water, and alcohol wipes, so you can source bench essentials alongside your peptide actives without a separate supplier relationship
  • Technical datasheets on request for individual peptide SKUs, covering solubility, recommended pH range, and storage conditions
  • Verified customer reviews and batch traceability that support supplier qualification documentation

For formulators at the bench-to-pilot transition, Peptilab’s domestic fulfilment means no import delays between prototype iterations. When you are running a tight stability timeline and need a replacement lot to confirm a corrective action, a domestic supplier who ships within Canada is a practical advantage.

Troubleshooting common failure modes

Diagnostic matrix

Symptom Quick bench test Most likely cause Corrective action
Assay loss >10% at T0 Check addition temperature log; re-run HPLC on stock solution Peptide added above temperature limit, or degraded raw material Lower addition temperature; replace raw material lot; verify COA
Assay loss at T4 weeks accelerated Compare T0 vs. T4 HPLC traces; check for new peaks Oxidation, pH drift, or thickener trapping Add antioxidant; buffer pH; switch thickener; test airless packaging
Viscosity drop on stability Rheology at T0 vs. T4; check pH Polymer hydrolysis or pH-driven thickener failure Adjust pH buffer; switch to pH-stable thickener
Phase separation Centrifuge test; microscopy for droplet size Emulsifier failure or temperature excursion during processing Review emulsifier HLB; check phase-matching temperature log
Discolouration Visual vs. T0 reference; check for metal ion contamination Oxidation of aromatic residues or metal-catalysed degradation Add chelator; switch to opaque/amber packaging; add antioxidant
PET failure Re-run ISO 11930 on fresh batch Preservative inactivated by pH, chelator competition, or peptide interaction Adjust preservative level; check pH at PET conditions; review chelator choice
Emulsion graininess Microscopy; check addition temperature Peptide pre-dissolved in incompatible solvent, or added too cold causing localised precipitation Switch carrier solvent; warm pre-dissolve to 30–35 °C before addition

Production-floor vs. QC lab decisions

Some results require stopping a run immediately:

  • pH outside ±0.5 units of specification at any in-process check point: stop, investigate, do not proceed to peptide addition.
  • Batch temperature above 45 °C at peptide addition: stop, cool further, document the deviation, and add peptide only after re-confirming temperature.
  • Visual phase separation before peptide addition: stop, re-homogenise, and re-check before proceeding.

Confirming corrective actions

After any corrective action, pull a new T0 sample from the corrected batch and run the full in-process QC panel before restarting the stability clock. Document the deviation, the corrective action, and the verification result in the batch record.

Estimated R&D timeline and cost drivers for peptide lotion development

Typical phase durations

Phase Typical duration Key activities
Pre-formulation 2–4 weeks Peptide selection, COA review, solubility testing, compatibility screening
Bench prototyping 4–8 weeks 3–6 formula iterations, T0 assay, centrifuge and pH checks
Accelerated stability 8–12 weeks T0, T2, T4, T8 timepoints; assay, pH, viscosity, appearance, microbial
Real-time stability 6–12 months (parallel) Ongoing; required for shelf-life claim
Pilot batch validation 4–6 weeks Scale-up, in-process QC, acceptance criteria confirmation
Regulatory paperwork (Canada) 2–4 weeks CNF submission, PIF assembly, label review
Total to first commercial batch 6–12 months Dependent on stability outcome and iteration count

Main cost drivers

  • Peptide API cost per gram: the largest single variable. Synthesis route matters: SPPS, LPPS, and recombinant biosynthesis carry different cost profiles, with newer LPPS methods potentially reducing costs for small peptides at scale. Request pricing at your anticipated commercial volume, not just bench quantities.
  • Encapsulation and delivery system costs: liposomal or lipidated delivery adds meaningful cost per kilogram of finished product. Budget for this only when stability or efficacy testing justifies it.
  • Analytical testing: HPLC method development and validation, LC-MS confirmation, and PET are the three largest analytical line items. Consolidating testing with a single contract lab reduces coordination overhead.
  • Packaging: airless pump dispensers cost more per unit than standard disc-top or flip-cap closures. For a peptide formula, the packaging cost is a stability investment, not a premium add-on.
  • Scale-up validation labour: the pilot batch requires more hands-on time than a bench run. Budget for at least one full validation batch with a complete QC panel before committing to a commercial production run.

Domestic sourcing from a Canadian supplier reduces two cost drivers that are easy to overlook: import duties and customs delays that push back your stability start date, and the administrative cost of chasing offshore documentation for your PIF.

A formulator’s perspective on what actually matters

The peptide skincare category has a credibility problem that formulators created. Too many products on the market carry peptide claims backed by nothing more than a marketing dose, added at the wrong temperature, into a formula that traps the active in a polymer network before it reaches the skin. The result is a product that passes visual stability but delivers nothing measurable.

The fix is not complicated, but it requires discipline that most development timelines resist. The cool-down addition rule is the easiest to enforce and the most frequently violated. Every time a batch is rushed and peptides go in at 50 °C because the schedule is tight, the assay suffers and the claim weakens. Building a hard process alarm into the SOP costs nothing. Not building it costs you the entire stability programme when the T4 assay comes back low.

Documentation is the second discipline that separates a defensible product from a liability. A batch record that captures the peptide lot number, the actual addition temperature, the T0 HPLC result, and the COA reference is not bureaucratic overhead. It is the evidence chain that supports your Health Canada PIF, your stability claim, and your ability to investigate a complaint without starting from scratch.

On encapsulation: the cost is real, and the sensorial trade-offs in a body lotion are significant. A liposomal delivery system that works beautifully in a serum can make a body lotion feel heavy and tacky. Reserve encapsulation for formulas where your stability data shows clear assay loss that cannot be resolved by temperature control and packaging, or where you are making a dermal-access claim that requires it. Encapsulating a peptide to compensate for a process control failure is expensive and unnecessary. Fix the process first.

The formulators who build the most consistent peptide products are not the ones with the most sophisticated equipment. They are the ones who pull a T0 sample on every batch, document the addition temperature every time, and treat the COA as a living document rather than a one-time box to check.

Peptilab: your Canadian source for peptide-lotion development

Formulators building a peptide body lotion need a supplier who can keep up with the iteration pace of R&D, not one who ships in six weeks from overseas with incomplete documentation. Peptilab supplies cosmetic-grade and research-grade peptides with batch-specific, third-party COAs, domestic Canadian fulfilment, and the technical documentation your PIF requires. Small-batch orders mean you can run three formula iterations without committing to a kilogram of API you may not need.

Peptilab

The practical advantage is straightforward: when your T4 accelerated assay triggers a corrective action and you need a replacement lot to validate the fix, a domestic supplier ships within Canada without customs delays. Peptilab’s cosmetic peptide product range covers the signal, carrier, and neurotransmitter-inhibiting classes most relevant to body lotion development, and the stability testing workflow on the Peptilab site gives you a lab-ready protocol to run alongside your bench programme. Browse the catalogue, request a technical datasheet for your target peptide, or place a small-batch sample order to start your pre-formulation screening today.

Sources

The following sources formed the evidence base for this workflow. Each is worth consulting directly when you are designing your bench protocol, selecting an assay method, or building your stability programme.